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阴性艾滋病大可不必惊慌!的健康知识


2022-10-26 19:59:28 健康知识


2011年初的“阴性艾滋事件”引发社会各界关注,一群人通过网络走到了一起,他们宣称自己感染了一种被称为“阴性艾滋”的神秘病毒,可通过唾液与血液传播,其感染途径及症状与艾滋病相似。这类“患者”多拥有相似的临床特点,主要表现为:①多有可能感染HIV的高危行为史;②反复要求进行实验室检查,怀疑或坚信感染HIV病毒,影响正常的工作与生活;③临床症状繁多,常述有全身多处淋巴结肿胀、发热、头晕头疼、乏力、持续消瘦、腹痛腹泻、皮疹、皮下出血、关节疼痛作响、肌肉疼、舌苔长白色绒毛等症状。④症状大多出现在高危行为后的0―3个月,期间重复HIV抗体检测呈阴,无免疫功能受损。该事件导致民众尤其是网民的巨大恐慌,亦引起国家卫生部的高度关注,并组织专家在广东、浙江等六省进行流行病学调查和检测。通过调查,卫生部已经证实阴艾滋病系恐艾症状,属艾滋病恐惧症,并无未知病毒感染。
  目前的证据显示,艾滋病恐惧症患者至今仍没有死亡病例报导,其症状和免疫功能低下多与心理因素有关,而对这些患者来说他们确实受着一种心理折磨,这种折磨他觉得自己有病。据推断,“恐艾”人群在我国现有已增加到数万人左右,初步判断多数多与精神、情绪有关。
  治疗上,以艾滋病知识教育和心理疏导治疗为主,同时注意个人的健康防护。一般而言,艾滋病主要通过性传播、血液传播及母婴传播。与患者握手、拥抱、共餐、共用厕所及游泳池等是不会传染的。大部分“恐艾症”患者受心理因素影响,进行积极的心理治疗并树立对医学科学检验的信任,则可以得到明显的效果。有证据显示某些恐艾症患者在心理疏导后症状会突然消失。中医认为该病多属心虚胆怯、心神不安之证,治疗上多用养心安神定志之法,可用茯神、远志、人参、龙齿、石菖蒲等药,偏血虚阳浮者可加酸枣仁、夜交藤,有痰者可加半夏、陈皮。

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